If the Soviets “put Jews
into gas chambers,” Kissinger said, it’s “not an American concern. Maybe a
humanitarian concern."
"Military men are dumb, stupid animals
to be used as pawns for foreign policy." Henry Kissinger, quoted by Bob
Woodward in The Final Days, 1976
To bad the Jewish people only seem to be
upset about Kissinger’s comment about Jews and not his attitude concerning
American service personnel.
The illegal we do immediately. The
unconstitutional takes a little longer. "[The New World Order] cannot
happen without U.S. participation, as we are the most significant single
component. Yes, there will be a New World Order, and it will force the United
States to change it's perceptions." -- Henry Kissenger, World Affairs
Council Press Conference, Regent Beverly Wilshire Hotel , April 19th 1994
Decades Later, Kissinger’s Words Stir Fresh Outrage Among Jews
By CLYDE
HABERMAN
Published:
December 16, 2010
Richard
M. Nixon has long been the Freddy
Krueger of American political life. You know in your bones that he is destined
to keep returning.
Sure enough, though dead
16 years, Nixon is back onstage, with the release of a fresh batch of tapes
from his Oval Office days. They show him at his omni-bigoted worst, offering
one slur after another against the Irish, Italians and blacks. Characteristically,
he saved his most potent acid for Jews. “The Jews,” he said, “are just a very
aggressive and abrasive and obnoxious personality.”
But Nixon’s hard-wired
anti-Semitism is an old story. What has caused many heads to swivel is a
recording of Henry
A. Kissinger, his national security
adviser. Mr. Kissinger is heard telling Nixon in 1973 that helping Soviet Jews
emigrate and thus escape oppression by a totalitarian regime — a huge issue at
the time — was “not an objective of American foreign policy.”
“And if they put Jews into
gas chambers in the Soviet Union,” he added, “it is not an American concern.
Maybe a humanitarian concern.”
In New York, the epicenter
of Jewish life in the United States, some jaws are still not back in place
after dropping to the floor.
Bad enough that any senior
White House official would, without prodding, raise the grotesque specter of
Jews once again being herded into gas chambers. But it was unbearable for some
to hear that language come from Mr. Kissinger, a Jew who as a teenager fled
Nazi Germany with his family, in 1938. Had he not found refuge in this country
and in this city — the Kissingers settled in Washington Heights — he might have
ended up in a gas chamber himself.
“Despicable,” “callous,”
“revulsion,” “hypocrite,” “chilling” and “shocking” were a few of the words
used this week by some leaders of Jewish organizations and by newspapers that
focus on Jewish matters.
Conspicuously, however,
many groups and prominent individuals stayed silent. They include people who
would have almost certainly spoken up had coldhearted talk of genocide come
from the likes of Mel
Gibson or Patrick
J. Buchanan, neither a stranger to
provocative comments about Jews.
Even some who deplored Mr.
Kissinger’s remarks tempered their criticism. The Anti-Defamation
League called the recorded statements
“outrageous,” but said they did not undermine “the important contributions and
ultimate legacy of Henry Kissinger,” including his support of Israel. The American Jewish Committee described the remarks as “truly chilling,” but suggested
that anti-Semitism in the Nixon White House might have been at least partly to
blame.
“Perhaps Kissinger felt
that, as a Jew, he had to go the extra mile to prove to the president that
there was no question as to where his loyalties lay,” the committee’s executive
director, David Harris, said in a statement.
There was no hedging in
editorials by Jewish-themed newspapers like The Forward and The Jewish Week.
Separately, in a Jewish Week column, Menachem Z. Rosensaft, a New York lawyer
who is active in Holocaust-related issues, dismissed Mr. Kissinger as “the quintessential court Jew.” And J. J. Goldberg, a Forward columnist, wrote, “No
one has ever gone broke overstating Kissinger’s coldbloodedness.”
Now 87, Mr. Kissinger
confined himself this week to a brief statement that said his taped comments
“must be viewed in the context of the time.”
Back then, American Jewish
groups strongly supported legislation that would have made any improvement in
American-Soviet trade relations contingent on freer emigration by Soviet Jews.
The president and Mr. Kissinger rejected that approach, which was rooted in
human rights concepts not suited to their power politics, or realpolitik. They
were bluntly angry at Jewish organizations for pushing hard on the issue.
In his statement, Mr.
Kissinger said of Jewish emigration that “we dealt with it as a humanitarian
matter separate from the foreign policy issues.” That approach, he said, led to
a significant rise in the number of Jews permitted to leave the Soviet Union.
In fact, it did, for a while anyway.
Still, that “gas chamber”
line is about as ugly as it gets. It seems unlikely to change many views of a
man who is both widely admired and widely hated, but there is one word that
just might haunt Mr. Kissinger to his final days.
Genocide is “not an
American concern,” he said, but “maybe a humanitarian concern.”
Maybe, the man said.
E-mail: haberman@nytimes.com
How Kissinger
Saved the Jews
Good Fences
By J.J. Goldberg
December 15,
2010
The year was 1973, and
Henry Kissinger, a Jewish refugee from German Nazism and President Richard
Nixon’s national security adviser, made a staggeringly distasteful comment
about Soviet Jews: If the Soviets “put Jews into gas chambers,” Kissinger said,
it’s “not an American concern. Maybe a humanitarian concern.” Maybe.
No one has ever gone broke
overstating Kissinger’s cold-bloodedness. This one, though, revealed in the
latest declassified installment of Nixon’s Oval Office tapes, is a doozy.
Washington Post columnist Harold Meyerson spoke for most of the punditocracy in
calling the taped remark “the most despicable thing to come out of the mouth of
a major American official… since God only knows when."
The disclosure was so shocking, the response so scathing, that
Kissinger himself, never known to leave a slight unanswered, seems to have been
left temporarily speechless. It took him a full three days to reply. And when
he did reply, in a 173-word statement, it was uncharacteristically hesitant,
convoluted and flaccid. Its one redeeming quality was that it was true
Kissinger’s statement
begins by pleading that the comment “must be viewed in the context of the
time,” the classic defense of someone who’s knows he’s lost the argument. He
and Nixon had been pressing Moscow to let Jews out since early in Nixon’s
administration, he says. However, “In order to avoid questions of sovereignty,
we dealt with it as a humanitarian matter separate from the foreign policy
issues.” In this way, by “persistent private representation at the highest
level we managed to raise emigration from 700 per year to close to 40,000 in
1972."
The “context of the time”
included a nasty political battle between the White House and the organized
Jewish community over a piece of legislation known as the Jackson-Vanik
Amendment. The measure proposed pushing Moscow to ease Jewish emigration by
making it a precondition for normal U.S.-Soviet trade relations. It won nearly
unanimous approval in Congress in late 1974 despite fierce administration opposition,
arguably the strongest display ever seen of American Jewish political muscle.
The administration’s
opposition stemmed partly from Kissinger’s fear that the tough stance would
damage his signature goal of U.S.-Soviet detente. Kissinger doesn’t mention
that in his new statement. Instead, he cites other, more flattering motives.
First, the amendment “made Jewish emigration a foreign policy issue” rather
than a humanitarian issue as Kissinger favored. Second, “We feared that the
Amendment would reduce emigration, which is exactly what happened. Jewish
emigration never reached the level of 40,000 again until the Soviet Union
collapsed.”
The numbers question is
important, but the distinction between “foreign policy” and “humanitarian”
issues is critical, because it’s central to Kissinger’s philosophy of
international relations. It’s also the key point he was crudely trying to drive
home to Nixon in that taped conversation.
Unlike most other
secretaries of state, Kissinger entered government service as an established
foreign policy theorist with an articulate, well-known philosophy. In signing
on with Nixon, Kissinger received a unique opportunity to test his theories in
the real world. Enduring his boss’s bullying anti-Semitism was a small price to
pay.
Kissinger is known as a
leading proponent of realpolitik or diplomatic realism. It teaches that the
ultimate goal of diplomacy is not improving the world or helping the weak but
the unsentimental acquisition and wielding of power in order to protect the
state’s material interests.
In Kissinger’s view,
America’s essential interest is to maintain, as ruthlessly as necessary, a
stable balance of power among major state actors. Humanitarian goals like
freedom and minority rights flow from international stability, not the other
way around.
In his statement,
Kissinger cites Soviet Jewish emigration numbers to justify his policies. He’s
a bit confused there, but only a bit. Between 1970 and 1973, before
Jackson-Vanik passed, emigration rose from 1,000 to 35,000, not 700 to 40,000
as Kissinger says. And the flow actually shot up once more, reaching 51,000 in
1979, when a disastrous wheat harvest forced Moscow to seek a boost in their
American grain contracts.
Broadly speaking, though,
he’s right: Emigration rose dramatically under Kissinger’s detente policy,
plummeted after Jackson-Vanik passed, rose briefly during the dovish Carter
administration, then dropped under the anticommunist champion Ronald Reagan to
a mere 1,400 per year. Emigration numbers finally rose for good during the
Reagan-Gorbachev honeymoon in communism’s last years.
In the end, the debate is
not between pursuing and ignoring human rights, but between realpolitik and
Wilsonian idealism as the best way to get there. Kissinger chose the former.
Does that justify bombing
Cambodia or assassinating the president of Chile? Even by Kissinger’s
hard-headed standards, the answer should have been no, if only because they
didn’t improve anything.
Though he rarely admitted
it, Kissinger drew his philosophy from his own life story: Only by pursuing
stability can you prevent the sort of chaos that swept Europe in the 1930s and
engulfed most of Kissinger’s family. Here’s what he told an Israel Bonds dinner
in 1992:
“I have been put in the position, as a Jew, of
conducting the foreign policy of a superpower. I have never obscured the
fact that 12 members of my family died in the Holocaust, and that therefore the
fate of the Jewish people was always a matter of profound concern to me.
However, destiny put me in a position where I also had to look at other
perspectives."
Contact
J.J. Goldberg at goldberg@forward.com and follow his blog at www.forward.com
If the Soviets “put Jews
into gas chambers,” Kissinger said, it’s “not an American concern. Maybe a
humanitarian concern."
"Military men are dumb, stupid animals to be used as pawns for
foreign policy." Henry Kissinger, quoted by Bob Woodward in The
Final Days, 1976
To bad the Jewish people only seem to be
upset about Kissinger’s comment about Jews and not his attitude concerning
American service personnel.